BULK BLACK

From a performance standpoint, citrulline malate is the “star child” of pre-workout science.

We chose citrulline malate over L-arginine because it provides better absorption, higher plasma arginine levels, and has been found to:

• Improve strength, aerobic performance, and muscle endurance [1,2]
• Be at least twice as effective as L-arginine supplementation at raising nitric oxide [3]
• Participate in the Krebs Cycle and enhance creatine re-activation between sets (malate in citrulline malate [4]

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 8,000 mg (8.0 grams) of 2:1 citrulline malate per serving.

Supplementing with beta-alanine has been shown to increase muscle carnosine levels, which are quickly depleted during intense exercise [5, 6].

In turn, carnosine acts like a buffer in muscle cells to attenuate the lactic acid and hydrogen ions that accumulate when you’re pushing yourself in the gym.

A majority of pre-workout supplements contain beta-alanine, but at inefficacious doses. We made sure to include a clinical dose of 4,000 mg beta-alanine in every scoop of BULK BLACK. Pertinent evidence-based benefits of beta-alanine include:

• Delay the onset of neuromuscular fatigue in men and women during intense exercise [7]
• Increase overall muscle strength [8] 
• Improved muscle endurance and total work done [9]
• Provide a tingling sensation, which can be more aggressive (depending on tolerance), which is is normal and safe [10]
• Reduce and combat the formation of altered proteins and promote the formation of healthy proteins [11]
• Significantly increase lean mass and decrease fat in wrestlers [12]

PreSeries BULK BLACK 4,000 mg (4.0 grams) of beta-alanine per serving.

Recent clinical studies suggest that betaine supplementation triggers a significant muscle anabolic response and helps hydrate muscle cells by acting as an osmolyte. Even better, betaine anhydrous is synergistic with other ergogenic ingredients in BULK BLACK, notably beta-alanine and citrulline malate [13]

Betaine supplementation has also been shown to:

• Reduce fatigue when taken before and during weight training [14, 15].
• Enhance phosphocreatine replenishment between sets when creatine is taken daily [16]*.
• Increases total repetitions and volume on the bench press exercise versus placebo [17].

PreSeries BULK BLACK 2,500 mg (2.5 grams) of BetaPure™ Betaine Anhydrous per serving.
 

Taurine is an amino acid-like molecule that is essential to pre-workout supplementation. Taurine competitively interacts with beta-alanine; thus, supplementation with beta-alanine and without taurine can lead to states of taurine deficiency [18].

Additionally, taurine has neuroprotective benefits and has been found to reduce next-day muscle soreness [19, 20].

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 1,300 mg (1.3 grams) of Taurine per serving.

L-tyrosine is a conditionally essential amino acid necessary for dopamine synthesis. It is an effective nootropic for increasing focus, motivation, and cognitive function. Notable benefits of L-tyrosine supplementation include:

• L-tyrosine reduces the effects of stress and allows for greater mental focus and endurance [22].
• L-tyrosine improves memory and performance in bodily stressing climates, such as the cold [23].

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 1,000 mg (1.0 gram) of L-tyrosine per serving.

AlphaSize® is a patented form of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), a highly bioavailable source of choline. Choline is an essential B vitamin that the body uses to create acetylcholine and phosphatidylcholine, both of which play important roles in cognitive function and neurotransmission. Several human studies show that alpha-GPC increases mental performance and physical performance, especially when taken in conjunction with caffeine [24]. Hence, alpha-GPC has both nootropic and ergogenic properties, making it ideal as a pre-workout ingredient.

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 300 mg of alpha-GPC per serving.

L-theanine is an amino acid used by the body. When combined with caffeine, L-theanine demonstrates many benefits for athletes, like:

• Increases reaction time, attention, and memory [25, 26, 27, 28]
• Reduces jitters in caffeine sensitive individuals
• Reduces stress and causes relaxation without affecting attention and energy [29].

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 200 mg of L-Theanine per serving.

Caffeine, along with many of the complementing focus-enhancing ingredients in PreSeries BULK BLACK are clinically proven to reduce perceived effort when training. A dose of 2 to 4 mg of caffeine per kg of bodyweight has been shown to significantly increase repetitions to failure and readiness to invest effort in athletes [30, 31].

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 275 mg of Caffeine Anhydrous per serving.

Theobromine is the primary alkaloid found in cocoa beans, and is essentially the “little brother” of caffeine. Its functions in the body are suggested to be complementary to those of caffeine, acting as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and central nervous system stimulant [32]. Research has also found that theobromine has differential contributions to mood and cognitive function when compared to caffeine, providing further insight into the distinct, yet synergistic nature of these naturally occurring stimulants [32].

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 50 mg of Theobromine per serving.

Infinergy™ is a trademarked caffeine salt of malic acid (dicaffeine malate) that was created to prolong the ergogenic effects of caffeine. Rather than the abbreviated “high” and subsequent crash people often experience after drinking a large cup of coffee, Infinergy™ provides a smoother and longer-lasting increase in mental performance and thermogenesis, all without the jitters and crashing from ordinary caffeine.

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 25 mg of Infinergy™ (Dicaffeine Malate) per serving.

AstraGin™ is a novel extract of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng — two adaptogenic herbs that have a longstanding history in traditional Chinese medicine. The constituents in these plants are suggested to selectively enhance the absorption of biomolecules by increasing intestinal permeability.

PreSeries BULK BLACK contains 50 mg of Astragin™ per serving.